Shingle.



T; D. MILLER.

SHINGLEQ APPLICATION FILED OUT. 23, 1912. 1,059,682. Patented Apr.22,1913.

Q I .1 m A? F% Tr 1 a. a x.. I I I I Z j 12 a I X 1 a E li THOMASlllENTON MILLER. OF CATONSVILLE, MARYLAND.

snmenn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 22, 1 913.

Application filed October 23, 1912. Serial No. 727,375.

' To all whom it may com-('1'):

Be it known that I, Tiroaus Dnx'rox MILLER, citizen of the UnitedStates. residing at Catonsville, in the county of Baltimore and State ofMaryland, have invented certain new and-useful I1nprovements inShingles, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention comprises improvements in shingles, so formed as tointer-lock with one another. and also to expose more area to the.weather than the ordinary shingle.

proofed and protected from the weather,

such shingles will last indefinitely and may be made cheap enough tocompete with shingles from other materials. While 1 contemplate usingrefuse sheet nietal for this purpose, of course, the shingles can bemade from new sheet metal, although at greater cost, and they may alsobe made of material other than metal;

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a plan View of a number ofshingles showing the manner in which they are assembled when applied toa roof Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of 'Fig. 1, on an enlargedscale; Fig. 3 is a top perspective view of one of the shingles; and,Fig. t is asection taken centrally through portions of two super? posedshingles, showing the bend at the lower end of the central rib of one ofthe shingles.

Referring first to Fig. 3 of the drawing, A'indicates' a shinglecomposed of a rectangular strip of sheet metal which is pref erablycoated with a suitable water-proofing compound and treated'so that thesurface of the metal will notbe exposed to the" weather. This strip ofmetal, either before or after the weather-proof coating is applied, ispassed through rollers which form a wide'central convex rib a and twonarrower convex ribs a'- upon one side of the strip, and correspondinggrooves on the opposite side. The side having'the convex ribs is theupper side of the shingle when the shingle is placed upon a root. Theribs u and a. are straight and parallel with one another and with thelateral edges 14 of the strip. The ribs a are equidistant from the edgesa and preferably the ribs a are midway between the edges a and the sidesa of the wide central .rib a. After the ribs have ben formed in theshingle, one end of the central rib a is given a slight downwardbend,'about equal to the thickness of the strip, as indicated at a.\Vhen the shingles are assembled, the downward bent, portions m are atthe lower ends of the shingles and engage the central ribs of shinglesbelow them, asshown in Fig. 1.

In applying the shingles to a roof, the shingles in the first row. someof which are indicated by-the numerals 1, 2, 3, in Fig. 1, are spacedapart from oneanother a distance approximately equal to the width of oneof the central ribs a, and another layer of shingles, indicated by thenumerals 4. 6, and T, is laid upon the first'layer. each of the shinglesin the row or layer 4-5- (i--T, resting upon adjacent parts'of twoshingles in the row 1-2-3, between the ribs (1 of the latter shingles,and'the ribs 1; of each shingle in the row 4-56 interlock with ribs (1of the two shingles below it. In the third row of shingles,,indicated at8-9-10, each shingle lies between the central ribs a of two adjoiningshingles in the second layer 156, the ribs a of each shingle in the row8-9-40 interlocking with ribs a of two shingles in the row 4-5-43.Similarly, the shingles in the next row, two of which are indicated at11, 12, lie between the central ribs of adjacent shingles in the row89-10.

lVith the ordinary wooden-shingle, the shingles in each row are placedside by side and close together'sof that rain driven by the windcrosswise of the roof will not be driven under the lateral edges of theshingles. With shingles ofmy invention. however; when assembled upon a.roof, the shingles in each row are separated from one another by adistance at least equal to the width of the central rib of a. shingle.and as the lateral edges of the shingles in each row extend close to theraised ribs a of the shingles in the rowbeheath, the water driven by thewind screw the roof cannot readily pass under the lateral edges ;of theshingles. If any-water does pass under the lateral edges of a shingle,it will enga e the rib a lonrthe shingle be -,low and 'wil be-prevente'dby this rib from "areaexposedto the weather than is the case with theordinary shingle, this additional surface 'ing. the portions of the ribsa on each flayer which are exposed between the] shingles er thesuperposed layers. As the central -r1bs in the shingles of alternatelayers aminline with one another but sepa-' rated byhadistance equal tothe thickness of the shingle'sinthe intermediate layers,-it isdesirablelto' turn down the lower end a of therthxdbf eaehshingle sothat when the shingle is inposition, the' lower end of its rib axillmeet the corresponding rib of the shinglin the'second layer below, sothat water. cannot be driyen up under the shingles byjthe wind. Thus,the rib a of the shingle 13 extends over the corresponding rib of theshingle 9, and the end a on the shingle 13 plurality of transverseoverlapping rows of 80 rectangular shingles, each shingle having isbent-downward adistance equal to the thickness of one of the shingles1112', to ineet the'r'iba. on the shingle 9.

' What- I claim is: a

1. Akshingle comprising a rectangular strip-of material of suitable sizehaving a wide'central l'ongitudinal rib and two narrower: longitudinalembossed ribs, and corresponding'groov'es, said ribs being parallelwith. one'another, the narrower ribs bein substantially equidistant fromthe latera edges of the shingle and substantially equidistant fromthetcentral rib. .QA shingle comprising a strip of material 'offsuitablesize having a wide central longitudinal rib and two narrower embossedlongitudinal ribs, and corresponding grooves,

the latter ribs being midway between the central rib and the lateraledges of the shingle. y

3. A shingle comprising a stripof material of suitable size having a,wide central longitudinal rib and two narrower embossed shingle havingtwo embossed ribs and corresponding grooves near to and parallel wlthits lateral edges and each slunglehavlng also two ridges or shouldersspaced apart from one another and from said ribs, and parallel with saidribs, one shoulder between eaehflo rib'and the longitudinal center lineof the shingle, each shingle of'an upper row overlapping-the sides oftwo adjacent shin l'ess-.v

of the next lower row, and having its grooves engaging a rib oneach ofsaid adjacent shingles and its lateral edges fitting. close to theadjacent shoulders or ridges on adjacent shinglese 5. A covering forbuildings comprising a a wide central longitudinal ribextending parallelwith its lateral edges,'each' shingle of an upper row overlapping thesides of two adjacent shingles of the next lower row and extending inclose proximity to the central ribs of said two adjacent shingles.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

THOMAS DENTON MILLER Witnesses v Jomx' A. 'HENKUS, CHAS. E. TURNER.

